To protect the health and safety of workers and the public, construction projects must meet the legal requirements set out in the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015, referred to as CDM 2015. The F10 notification process is a critical aspect of the regulations.
An F10 notification is required before certain types of construction projects commence to alert the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
Here we discuss what an F10 notification is, when it is required and the best practices to follow.
What is an F10 notification?
An F10 notification is a formal notice sent to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), alerting them that a construction project is commencing which meets specific criteria under the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 (CDM 2015).
Intended for larger, more complex projects, the F10 requirement applies to projects that pose greater risks due to the scale, duration, or the involvement of multiple contractors.
This notification is normally submitted by the project’s client, though the responsibility can be delegated to the principal contractor or principal designer, as specified under the CDM 2015.
Why does the HSE require an F10?
The HSE needs F10 notifications to effectively monitor construction projects with increased safety risks, ensuring appropriate oversight and enforcement of safety standards.
In the UK, construction remains one of the highest-risk industries, with 53,000 non-fatal injuries and 45 fatal injuries reported in 2022/23 which highlights the need for stringent oversight. The F10 notification system enables the HSE to focus their efforts on projects where hazards are more likely to occur.
The HSE uses the information detailed in F10s to:
- Determine inspection needs. The HSE assesses whether the project requires an on-site inspection based on factors like size, type, and risk profile. Projects with higher risk elements, such as heavy machinery use or working at height, are more likely to receive an inspection.
- Issue guidance or warnings. In cases where the project involves specific hazards, such as asbestos or extensive scaffolding, the HSE may issue tailored guidance or warnings to the project team to emphasise compliance with specific safety standards.
- Address emerging risks. Construction projects often undergo changes in scope, duration, or workforce. F10 submissions include updates, allowing the HSE to adjust its oversight plans accordingly and address any new risks that may emerge as the project progresses.
- Promote accountability among duty holders. The requirement to submit an F10 serves as a reminder to clients, contractors, and designers of their health and safety obligations.
- Track compliance records. The F10 information enables the HSE to keep a compliance record for clients and contractors. Frequent non-compliance on previous projects can lead to increased scrutiny on future projects, shaping the HSE’s enforcement strategy.
The information detailed in F10s also enables the HSE to track trends in construction safety and identify recurrent issues which informs future regulatory actions. For example, they can monitor which types of projects or regions experience repeated safety concerns, allowing for more targeted interventions.
When is an F10 needed?
An HSE F10 notification is needed when a construction project meets one or both notification requirements:
- The project is expected to last longer than 30 working days and have 20 or more workers on site simultaneously.
- The project will involve more than 500 person-days of construction work in total.
This means that even smaller projects, such as refurbishments or significant alterations, may require an F10 if they involve a substantial workforce or duration.
The following examples show how F10 requirements apply in practice.
Example 1: a major retail construction project
- Project: a new shopping centre development
- Duration: expected to last six months (approximately 180 working days)
- Workers: average of 35 workers on site at any time
- Total labour: estimated at 6,300 person-days (180 days × 35 workers).
In this scenario, an F10 notification would be required because the project surpasses both the 30-day and 500 person-day thresholds.
Example 2: office refurbishment with a short timeline
- Project: refurbishing an office floor
- Duration: expected to last 40 working days
- Workers: 10 workers on site simultaneously
- Total labour: 400 person-days (40 days × 10 workers).
Here an F10 notification would not be required as the project does not meet either of the specified thresholds for notification.
What is the F10 notification process?
F10 notifications are submitted electronically via the HSE’s website. The information required includes:
Project details
A description of the project, including the type and nature of the work, is essential. For instance, specifying whether the project is new construction, a renovation, or demolition work helps the HSE understand potential risk factors.
Detailed project descriptions also aid in identifying any unique safety concerns, such as handling hazardous materials or using specialised equipment.
Client and contractor information
Accurate and comprehensive contact information for the primary stakeholders, such as the client, principal contractor, and principal designer, must be provided. This includes names, addresses, phone numbers, and email addresses.
The HSE uses this information to reach key personnel in case of inspections, queries, or updates.
Estimated duration and workforce
The F10 form requires an estimated project timeline and workforce size. This means providing the projected start and end dates, the average number of workers on site, and any anticipated peak times for labour-intensive tasks.
If the project is expected to involve 20 or more workers on site simultaneously, this information is critical, as it meets one of the thresholds for requiring an F10 notification under CDM 2015.
Health and safety plan overview
It is essential to provide details of the health and safety measures being implemented. While not a comprehensive risk assessment, this section should include the primary safety protocols in place, any special precautions related to the project’s specific risks, and the methods for enforcing safety on-site.
For projects involving high-risk tasks, such as working at height, handling asbestos, or operating heavy machinery, this section gives the HSE information about planned precautions.
What are common misconceptions about F10 notifications?
Several misconceptions about HSE F10 notifications can lead to unintentional non-compliance. Here are a few common misunderstandings:
- “Only large projects need F10 notifications.” While the F10 is mainly for large-scale projects, smaller projects meeting the 500 person-day threshold can also require notification.
- “It is the contractor’s job to submit the F10 document.” CDM 2015 places the responsibility of F10 notification on the client, although they may delegate it to a principal contractor or designer. However, the client must ensure the notification is completed.
- “Once an F10 is submitted, it is done.” Changes to the project scope, duration, or key personnel may require an updated F10. Ensuring the HSE has up-to-date information is crucial for compliance.
What are the consequences of failing to submit an F10 notification?
Failure to submit an F10 form when required can have serious repercussions. Penalties for non-compliance with CDM 2015 can include significant fines and the HSE can delay a project or shut it down if an F10 notification is missing.
Failing to comply with health and safety regulations can also damage an organisation’s reputation and affect future business opportunities.
What are the best practices to follow?
These tips will help ensure you meet F10 requirements effectively and efficiently:
Assign responsibility early
Assigning responsibility for submitting the F10 notification should happen during the planning phase. Designating this responsibility to a competent person, such as the principal contractor or principal designer, helps ensure the F10 is submitted accurately and promptly.
Update the F10 as needed
The F10 is a live document, and any significant changes to the project, such as duration, workforce, or scope, must be reflected.
Regularly review the F10 details as part of project management practices. If changes occur, make sure updates are submitted promptly to keep the notification accurate and compliant.
Train key personnel on CDM requirements
Ensure all relevant project team members understand the CDM 2015 requirements, particularly when an F10 notification is necessary.
Training helps the team identify changes or risks that might require F10 updates and keeps everyone aware of compliance criteria. This proactive approach can prevent compliance issues and promote a safer working environment.
Keep documentation readily accessible
Having the F10 form and other CDM-related documents accessible on-site and digitally can be beneficial for easy reference. This not only helps with compliance but also demonstrates diligence if inspected by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE).
Review and communicate changes regularly
If updates to the F10 are necessary, ensure they are communicated to all relevant stakeholders. This includes on-site staff, contractors, and any involved parties who need to stay informed about the current project details.
Regular team meetings or project updates can help streamline this process.
Leverage digital tools
Consider using digital project management tools, such as our SHINE Document Manager. Digital tools can assist with document tracking, sharing updates, and ensuring everyone involved is notified of F10 compliance requirements in real-time.
IOSH-approved CDM Training
Developed by experienced health and safety consultants, CDM Training provides in-depth knowledge of the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015.
Participants will gain a thorough understanding of CDM responsibilities, the requirements for creating a comprehensive pre-construction plan, and the legal obligations of all duty holders, including F10 notification requirements.
Enrol now to strengthen your knowledge, safeguard your project, and uphold the highest standards of health and safety. Find out more about CDM Training on our website, or contact our friendly team today on 0203 011 4242 or info@praxis42.com.
Adam Clarke
Managing Director (Consulting)
